What is a serious fire behavior that involves fire advancing across the tops of trees or shrubs?

Crowning is a serious fire behavior characterized by fire that spreads rapidly across the upper parts of trees or shrubs, also known as the canopy. This phenomenon typically occurs when the fire is able to jump from one tree or shrub to another, allowing the flames to move horizontally through the tops. Crowning can lead to extreme fire intensity and rapid spread, making it challenging for firefighters to control the fire effectively.

In contrast, other fire behaviors, such as smoldering, occur at a slower pace, with low-intensity flames burning organic matter without significant flame presence. Spotting involves embers or burning material being carried by the wind and igniting new fires away from the main fire front. Backing refers to a fire that is moving against the wind or slope, typically spreading more slowly and presenting less of an immediate threat compared to crowning. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for effective wildfire management and safety on the fireline.